Effects of Cardiovascular Training
5.3 Effects of exercise on cardio-pulmonary functions
Acute and chronic exercise both have significant impact on cardio-pulmonary functions. Aerobic exercise greatly strains both systems. Further adaptations that occur during exercise include the redistribution of blood flow from inactive or low-active districts to the active muscles and the increase of the arteriovenous O2 difference (the difference in the amount of oxygen between artery and vein).
The effects of long-term training on both systems depend on the type and amount of exercise. On the whole, regular physical activity increases cardiorespiratory fitness, which is the ability to perform large-muscle, dynamic, moderate- to high- intensity exercise for prolonged periods.
Frequent exercise is robustly associated with a decrease in cardiovascular mortality as well as the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Physically active individuals have lower blood pressure, higher insulin sensitivity, and a more favorable plasma lipoprotein profile. Long-term exercise has shown lower resting heart rate and cardiac hypertrophy (Nystoriak 2018).
Regular exercise has also been shown to slow the progression of cardiovascular disease and to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, as well as enhancing vascular function and structure (Niebauer 1996).
The effects of long-term training on both systems depend on the type and amount of exercise. On the whole, regular physical activity increases cardiorespiratory fitness, which is the ability to perform large-muscle, dynamic, moderate- to high- intensity exercise for prolonged periods.
Frequent exercise is robustly associated with a decrease in cardiovascular mortality as well as the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Physically active individuals have lower blood pressure, higher insulin sensitivity, and a more favorable plasma lipoprotein profile. Long-term exercise has shown lower resting heart rate and cardiac hypertrophy (Nystoriak 2018).
Regular exercise has also been shown to slow the progression of cardiovascular disease and to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, as well as enhancing vascular function and structure (Niebauer 1996).